Through gene recombination and novel bioreactor technologies, synthetic biology enables the production of recombinant human collagen with an amino acid sequence identical to natural human collagen. This achieves an animal-free production and extraction process, reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions while improving production efficiency and product safety. For instance, recombinant collagen features:

• Eco-friendliness: cruelty-free, low energy consumption, low carbon footprint, and biodegradable;

• High production efficiency: no animal breeding or extraction required, streamlined production chain, and lower costs;

• Safety & compatibility: high human compatibility with no immunogenic rejection.